Transcription

On this transcription you can find the whole interview with Ángel Pereira.

Conclusions' essay

The "Movida Madrileña" was a counterculture movement that emerged in Madrid in the late 70s and early 80s after the end of the Franco’s dictatorship and death. It brought the resurrection of the Spanish economy and a new identity and vision of Spain.

A characteristic that should be noted is that it was a movement that was carried out by  young people and they were the ones who transformed the music, fashion, ways of speaking, and many other aspects in a way in which they were recognized by the different symbols that were integrated in this movement. One of the considered starting points of this countercultural movement, which spread short time later, was "Concierto homenaje a Canito”.

During the years of dictatorship in Madrid there was no freedom of expression, opinion, image ... but it was all due to impositions, and the death of Franco and his dictatorship meant the revolution of freedom of speech and expression. These rights originated the movement, which is something that has made us being free in all the aspects of our lives today, without anyone banning you but being just characterized. At the time I characterize because there were no taboos, and the more party, more fun. The “Movida Madrileña” engendered new ways of drinking, drugging, moving, dressing, creating, loving and living.

The different styles of clothing were very important for "La Movida Madrileña" and we observe that they were all rule-breaking and transgressive since each one expressed its own personalities and tastes through the way they dressed like. Among the different styles that emerged there were different groups that bind between them, and their opinions and tastes were the same or similar. Today designers continue highlighting that at this time designers as Agatha Ruiz de la Prada or Manuel Piña were very successful.

The groups highlighted during the “Movida” have become over the years in worship related groups, the most known are: “Kaka de Luxe”, “Alaska y los Pegamoides”, “Radio Futura”, “Nacha Pop”, “Los Secretos”, etc. This movement also included some contributions that were developed by groups from other provinces of the country. The youth that participated in this era was distinguished by adopting a varied musical taste and subcultures from being officially become popular alternative.

Thanks to Angel Pereira, who lived this movement closely, we have discovered that music is an essential pillar because "La Movida would not be moved without music." The groups that emerged over those years included a common point, this point was freedom; however each group expressed what they felt or what they wanted to say to the society.

 

In Madrid city, we find one of the most special and characteristic places that were born during the “Movida Madrileña", this place is “El Rastro”. During this movement it was a place where young people were able to exchange their records or discs, clothes and believes in order to learn new aspects of what was happening at that time and how did each one felt living this culture. It is important to emphasize this place because today it still exists, and we not only find antiques and “puestos” from this movement, we can also see that what emerged in those years it is still done nowdays.

The “Movida Madrileña" was a movement whose pillars were music and freedom of expression, which gave us was a very important historical event that nowadays is still living thanks to the changes that emerged at that time.

METODOLOGY

The topic that we have chosen is interesting nowadays and it has a major influence on what Madrid is today. Firstly, we looked for the definition of “La Movida Madrileña” to find out what it was exactly, after, we focused on finding the information that we needed for our work, and therefore, we had to subtract the information that we considered more interesting.

It was important for our research that we made a previous outline on the most interesting points that we wanted to deal with and it helped us to make this work with a greater effectiveness.

About the interview and the interviewee, it was very important the great work of Marta Sanz with his uncle, to know in detail  some of the thousand stories that he lived, as the reasons that led him to form a group, for example. However we also had a problem: we had too much information and too little time to expose it all, so we had to think about doing a great summary of all the information.

Definitely, this work helped us to improve our knowledge on a great event that arose in Madrid, and in which we did not just  stayed on the surface, but we went deeply into details. We have also enjoyed doing it.

Entry 4

CONSEQUENCES

The Movida Madrileña was an event that involved all Madrid and changed the view that people had about the city.

We want to highlight different ways of clothing that could be found in the same city without happening any problems between the several groups that we could appreciate in those years, since all the people were "equal". It was an period of time in which freedom had a great role, people were free to express their emotions, thoughts, tastes,... Through music, journalism, fashion...

From that time , it began to be created various musical groups that played at places which are currently very popular as Rock-Ola. Some important groups were born in these places such as: “Alaska y los Pegamoides”, “Radio Futura”, “Nacha Pop”...

Music played a very important role, because through music, people expressed several feelings, opinions, as the circumstances that were being lived at that time... We have realized that the music was a great influence on the mentality of young people and marked a before and an after in Madrid.

Throughout the interview to Ángel Pereira we have realize what "La Movida Madrileña" really was  and how he lived it, also, the interview gave us memories and scars that have left Madrid marked.

Entry 3

In the interview that we are going to do, we want to find out:

·       HIS PERSONAL LIFE DURING THIS PERIOD:

o   The reasons why the group was created.

o   How did the formed it.

o   Where and whom did they asked for help.

o   The way that they gave out their music.

o   If they had their own life out of this world (job, studies…) or if they were completely dedicated to music.

o   The groups that he listened to and the influences that affected to the music of the group.

o   What he thinks about the other music groups.

·       HIS OWN EXPERIENCIES:

o   The environment that he lived.

o   Memories.

o   One anecdote that he remember more especially or shocking.

·       CONSEQUENCES:

o   If the way he lived during this period affects in his life nowadays.

o   If the evolution of society produced during this movement has changed or affected to the actual society.

·       OTHER TOPICS:

o   What did he think about drugs (alcohol included).

o   How the fashion was and the different kinds of ways of dress.

o   How did he live other arts like cinema or paintings.

"Radio Futura"

Entry 2'

BACKGROUND RESEARCH (2):

Scope: What we know about "Movida Madrileña" are the most famous groups that have more importance during this period (Alaska y los Pegamoides, Nacha Pop, Radio futura, Gabinete Caligari, La Unión, Ejecutivos Agresivos, Tino Casal, Mecano...) but thanks to our interviewee, we have search for less known groups that really were into this world (Asfalto, Leño, Triana, Tequila, Burning, Topo, Coz, Barón Rojo, El Gran Wyoming y Maestro Reverendo...)

Those are discs through which we have listened to the music of this movement.

Also, we want to show the importance of bars and pubs during this movement, because they were the heart of "Movida": the groups offered concerts in clubs such as Rock-Ola, Carolina, El Pentagrama, La Vía Láctea, Marquee, El Jardín, El Escalón... and also they were the places where the cultural exchange occurred.

A post in Wikipedia, give us a simple view about what this movement was and what it involved, and it also highlights the main elements (music, films, television, photos, paintings...) of those years:

La Movida Madrileña (English: The Madrilenian scene) was a countercultural movement that took place mainly in Madrid during the Spanish transition after Francisco Franco's death in 1975. It represented the resurrection of the economy in Spain and the emergence of a new Spanish identity.

Although this hedonistic cultural wave was born in Madrid, it emerged in parallel in other Spanish urban centers, such as Barcelona,Bilbao and Vigo. It was characterized by freedom of expression, transgression of the taboos imposed by the Franco Regime, use of recreational drugs, the "coming out" of the Madrilenian cheli and the "pasota" dialect and a new spirit of freedom on the streets.

Photo of one of the most excentric groups of the Movida: Almodóvar y Fabio Mcnamara.

Entry 2

BACKGROUND RESEARCH

One of the documentary evidences that we have used in order to know the historical background of the "Movida Madrileña! is "Frenesí en la gran ciudad". This documentary was broadcasted by TVE2 in 2011, and it shows this movement through interviews and opinions of its own main characters.

Promocional photo of the documentary

"Madrid, years 80, it is time of destruction, this movement was like an awakening, and it went from a dark Spain into a Spain of colors".

Important musicians that marked the “Movida Madrileña” were: Nacha Pop, Alaska y los pegamoides, Los Bólidos, Tos (Los Secretos), Radio Futura, Tequila…

Photomontage about some important groups of the mevement

In 1975 Franco’s dictatorship ends with his death and then started the Transition Period.

Madrid before Franco’s death was sad and everything in black and white while after his dictatodhip there was an explosion of color.

The years of the “Movida Madrileña” were called Years of Rock and Roll city. 

It was very important the musical influences that came from outside. One of the persons that introduced enough of this information was Alaska. She brought information from London and that was fundamental.

In this movement the free expression and the revolution of the gays that were dispersed occurred but that fact was important in this movement, producing a great cultural agitation.

Painters, musicians, photographers, filmmakers, designers met in various locations as bars or pubs, to exchange their ideas and culture, normally in the famous district of Malasaña.

District of Malasaña

  

The concert “Homenaje a Canito” (considered as the beginning of “Movida” by many authors) was done at Complutense University in the school of roads, and it showed us everything that was happening in the underground culture.

Poster of the concert, it shows all the groups that participated in it.

In 1979 the first municipal elections of democracy occurred. Madrid counted with Enrique Tierno Galván as mayor, deeply humanist and considered the mayor of La Movida.

The fight against drugs was done in two different ways, one moral and other physical. Drugs played an important role in the musical groups as heroine, speed and amphetamines.

During 1980 – 1982 the groups were visible, heterogeneous and quite a few. The different musical types that you could find in that moment were: punk, after punk, techno and rock.

The sky of Madrid changed thanks to the figure of Torre España, called Pirulí, which was important for the retransmission of the World’s Cup of football in 1982.

Photo of the "Pirulí", one of the most known  buildings in Madrid

Very important is to highlight the attempted coup the 23th of February in 1981 by Tejero, which stirred up people of Movida Madrileña, that were seeing its end.

As in the case of music and art; fashion in the Movida was involved at the same time with the rest of fields. The most important brands were: Adolfo Domínguez, Jesús Del Pozo, and Agatha Ruíz de la Prada. Clothing was very important because was the way of being identified according to your musical or artistical tastes.

Collage of some designs in those years.

Print culture evolved two magazines popping color:

o   - “La Luna”: with more text and less fashionable design.

o   - “Madrid me mata”: with more graphics than literary.

In March of 1985 the famous Rock-Ola club closed because of a street fight that ended with the death of a man.

Photo of Rock-Ola club.

In the lasts years of this decade, the movement was losing strength and little by little it was dissolving or developing into other kinds of art.